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Western Digital

Sector unknown·WDC · USA (SEC 10-K)·Fiscal year to 03/07/2026

Artificial intelligenceCybersecurity (products and services)Semiconductors and electronic componentsRare earths and critical raw materialsBusiness cycle and GDP growth

We are a leading developer, manufacturer, and provider of data storage devices and solutions based on hard disk drive (“HDD”) technology. HDDs are critical components in the worldwide data infrastructure market, powering the AI-driven digital economy. HDDs provide reliable, cost-effective, high-capacity storage needs for a wide range of applications, ranging from cloud data centers, enterprise storage systems, edge computing, and smart video to client and consumer devices.

Exposure profile

Raw materials and inputsMacroTechnologyRegulationEnd marketsGeography
Raw materials and inputs Semiconductors and electronic components, Rare earths and critical raw materials, Labour and wages
Macro Business cycle and GDP growth, Tariffs and trade policy, Geopolitical uncertainty, Climate change and extreme weather
Technology Artificial intelligence, Cybersecurity (products and services), Data centres, Energy efficiency
Regulation AI regulation, EU climate and energy policy, Labour regulation
End markets Contract manufacturers as a business (EMS, CMO, CRO)
Geography Asia and emerging markets, United States

Derived from what the company itself writes. Empty directions mean the report doesn't mention themes of that type.

In their own words

Grouped by theme, from the management review in the annual report. A · The company itself is a verbatim quote, B · From the report is without a verified quote.

Semiconductors and electronic components

Raw materials and inputs

InputNegative impact: weakens

“We are dependent on a limited number of qualified suppliers who provide critical services, materials or components, and a disruption in our supply chain could negatively affect our business. We depend on an external supply base for technologies, software (including firmware), preamps, controllers, dynamic random-access memory, components, equipment and other materials used in our product design and manufacturing.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Trade restrictions (including tariffs, quotas and embargoes), demand from other high-volume industries for materials or components used in our products, disruptions in supplier relationships or shortages in other components and materials used in our customers’ products could result in increased costs to us, which could negatively impact our business.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Supplier Concentration Some key components are purchased from single source vendors for which alternative sources are currently not available. Shortages could occur in these essential materials due to an interruption of supply or increased demand in the industry.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

StrategyPositive impact: strengthens

“Our multi-year product roadmap for high-capacity HDDs, which include ePMR, OptiNAND, UltraSMR, heat-assisted magnetic recording (“HAMR”) and triple stage actuators to deliver a cutting-edge portfolio of drives, in commercial volumes, at a wide variety of capacity points, puts Western Digital in a strong position to capitalize on the opportunities presented by the large and growing storage markets.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Market

“Segment Reporting Prior to the Separation, the Company had been managed and operated under two reportable segments: HDD and Flash-based products (“Flash”). Upon the Separation and disposition of the Flash segment, the Company’s continuing operations now consist of a single reportable segment, HDD.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: Artificial intelligence strengthens

Artificial intelligence

Technology

DriverPositive impact: strengthens

“The increase in computing complexity and advancements in AI, along with growth in cloud computing applications, connected mobile devices and Internet-connected products and edge devices is driving rapid growth in the volume of digital content to be stored and used. While this growth has led to the creation of several form factors for data storage and an increasing use of a tiered architecture approach, HDDs occupy a unique place in the market by providing an economical means to create, store and utilize an increasing amount of data in the age of AI. We believe HDDs provide a sustainable total cost of ownership advantage to our cloud customers to meet their storage needs.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverMixed impact: mixed

“The impact of generative AI on the storage and data management markets and regulation thereof is still unfolding and could evolve unpredictably, and it could be difficult to accurately forecast related demands. As it evolves, our hyperscale customers could lower their investment in AI infrastructure.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

StrategyPositive impact: strengthens

“If we do not properly manage technology transitions and product development and introduction, our competitiveness and operating results may be negatively affected. The markets for our products continuously undergo technology transitions that can impact our product roadmaps and that we must anticipate in order to adapt our existing products or develop new products effectively. If we fail to adapt to or implement new technologies (including the transition to areal density recording technologies that use HAMR technology to increase HDD capacities), if we fail to quickly and cost-effectively develop new products that meet the specifications and requirements intended or desired by our customers or if technology transitions negatively impact our existing product roadmaps, our business may be harmed.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Market

“We are a leading developer, manufacturer, and provider of data storage devices and solutions based on hard disk drive (“HDD”) technology. HDDs are critical components in the worldwide data infrastructure market, powering the AI-driven digital economy. HDDs provide reliable, cost-effective, high-capacity storage needs for a wide range of applications, ranging from cloud data centers, enterprise storage systems, edge computing, and smart video to client and consumer devices.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains out: this strengthens Data centres, strengthens Semiconductors and electronic components, strengthens Semiconductor industry

Data centres

Technology

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Further, the rapid growth of AI infrastructure, including data centers that use our products, requires substantial energy consumption. Environmental concerns about the energy demands of AI workloads, including actual or perceived environmental issues associated with data center power consumption, could lead to regulatory constraints on data center development, increased sustainability reporting obligations, or shifts in customer or public sentiment regarding AI infrastructure expansion. Any of these developments could adversely affect demand for our products or increase our customers’ costs of deploying storage solutions in AI environments, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Market

“We are a leading developer, manufacturer, and provider of data storage devices and solutions based on hard disk drive (“HDD”) technology. HDDs are critical components in the worldwide data infrastructure market, powering the AI-driven digital economy. HDDs provide reliable, cost-effective, high-capacity storage needs for a wide range of applications, ranging from cloud data centers, enterprise storage systems, edge computing, and smart video to client and consumer devices.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Market

“Our broad portfolio of technology and products, sold under the Western Digital® and WD® brands, addresses our customers’ storage needs through multiple end markets: “Cloud,” “Client” and “Consumer”. Cloud. Cloud represents our largest and fastest growing end market comprised primarily of products for public or private cloud environments and enterprise customers. We enable cloud, Internet and social media infrastructure players to build more powerful, cost-effective and efficient data centers.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Market

“We provide the Cloud end market with an array of high-capacity enterprise HDDs. Our high-capacity enterprise HDDs address growing storage demands with high reliability, easy scalability, and lower time to value for our customers — all while delivering a low total cost of ownership for cloud data center and smart video system markets. These drives are primarily for use in data storage systems, in tiered storage models and where data must be stored reliably for years.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Market

“We sell our products to hyperscale cloud service providers, neoclouds, computer manufacturers and OEMs, resellers, distributors and retailers throughout the world, utilizing long-term agreements with certain customers.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Market

“There is significant revenue concentration in our Cloud end market and among our top customers. For the year ended July 3, 2026, the Cloud end market accounted for 89% of our net revenue and our top 10 customers accounted for 73% of our net revenue, with three customers each accounting for 10% or more of our net revenue.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Market

“Our business is subject to variability of sales because it is largely dependent on the buying patterns of our large Cloud customers, driven by their needs for deploying our technology in their data center buildouts, as well as on their ability to procure other products that go into such buildouts. Changes in their demand patterns and in cyclical supply and demand patterns have made it, and could continue to make it, difficult for us to forecast demand.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: Artificial intelligence strengthens
Chains out: this strengthens Electricity, strengthens Copper

M&A and consolidation

Macro

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Our ability to maintain strong relationships with our principal customers is essential to our future performance. We have experienced and may in the future experience events such as the loss of a key customer, prohibition or restriction of sales to a key customer by law, regulation or other government action, reductions in sales to or orders by a key customer, customer requirements to reduce our prices before we are able to reduce costs or the acquisition of a key customer by one of our competitors. Further, government authorities may implement laws or regulations or take other actions that could result in significant changes to the business or operating models of our key customers.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

InputNegative impact: weakens

“In addition, our supply base has experienced industry consolidation. Our suppliers may be acquired by our competitors, decide to exit the industry or redirect their investments or increase costs to us.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

StrategyPositive impact: strengthens

“In order to successfully execute on strategic initiatives, we must continue to identify and successfully complete attractive transactions, some of which may be large and complex, and manage post-closing issues such as integration of the acquired company or employees, integration of processes and systems, and post-Separation changes. We may not be able to identify or complete appealing acquisition or investment opportunities given the intense competition for these transactions.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Market

“Additionally, if there is consolidation among our customer base, our customers may be able to command increased leverage in negotiating prices and other terms of sale, which could negatively impact our profitability. Consolidation among our 15 Table of Contents customer base may also lead to reduced demand for our products, increased customer pressure on our prices, replacement of our products by the combined entity with those of our competitors and cancellations of orders, each of which could harm our operating results.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

EU climate and energy policy

Regulation

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“In connection with our compliance with environmental laws and regulations, as well as our compliance with industry and coalition environmental initiatives, such as those established by the RBA, the standards of business conduct required by some of our customers, and our commitment to sound corporate citizenship in all aspects of our business, we could incur substantial compliance and operating costs and be subject to disruptions to our operations and logistics. In addition, if we or our suppliers, customers or partners were found to be in violation of these laws or noncompliant with these initiatives or standards of conduct, we could be subject to governmental fines, liability to our customers and damage to our reputation and corporate brand, which could cause our financial condition and operating results to suffer.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

StrategyPositive impact: strengthens

“Environmental Stewardship: We help protect the planet and the environment by setting and delivering robust environmental targets and driving innovation, accountability, and partnerships for systemic impact. •We work to reduce energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, water withdrawal, and waste to landfills, and innovate to enhance the energy and material efficiency of our products. In 2025, we achieved 66% carbon-free energy to power our global operations as well as reduced emissions by 31% per petabyte from customers’ use of sold products from 2020.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

StrategyPositive impact: strengthens

“There is an increased focus from investors, customers, associates, business partners and other stakeholders concerning ESG matters, and we announce initiatives and goals related to ESG matters from time to time, including renewable energy and net zero emissions commitments. These statements reflect our current plans and aspirations and are not guarantees that we will be able to achieve them.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains out: this strengthens Circular economy and recycling, strengthens Energy efficiency

Equity and capital markets

Macro

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“As our bank debt contains a variable interest rate component based on our corporate credit ratings, a decline in our ratings has in the past resulted in, and could in the future result in, increased interest rates and debt service obligations. In addition, our ratings impact the cost and availability of future borrowings and, accordingly, our cost of capital.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

StrategyPositive impact: strengthens

“Acquisitions and investments may also result in the issuance of equity securities that may be dilutive to our stockholders as well as earn-out or other contingent consideration payments and the issuance of additional indebtedness that would put pressure on liquidity.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Labour and wages

Raw materials and inputs

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Changes in our key management team have resulted in and may in the future result in loss of continuity, loss of accumulated knowledge, departure of other key employees, disruptions to our operations and inefficiency during transitional periods. Global competition for skilled employees in the technology industry is intense, and our business success is increasingly dependent on our ability to attract, develop and retain top talent, implement succession plans for key management and staff and replace aging skilled employees.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

StrategyPositive impact: strengthens

“Cost saving measures, restructurings and divestitures have had and may in the future result in workforce reduction and consolidation of our facilities. As a result of these actions, we have experienced and may in the future experience a loss of continuity, loss of accumulated knowledge, disruptions to our operations and inefficiency during transitional periods.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Energy efficiency

Technology

StrategyPositive impact: strengthens

“Environmental Stewardship: We help protect the planet and the environment by setting and delivering robust environmental targets and driving innovation, accountability, and partnerships for systemic impact. •We work to reduce energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, water withdrawal, and waste to landfills, and innovate to enhance the energy and material efficiency of our products. In 2025, we achieved 66% carbon-free energy to power our global operations as well as reduced emissions by 31% per petabyte from customers’ use of sold products from 2020.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: Carbon tax and ETS prices strengthens, EU climate and energy policy strengthens

Industrial manufacturing

End markets

Market

“Client. Through the Client end market, we provide our original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) and channel customers a broad array of high-performance HDD solutions across desktop and notebooks. Our products are designed for use in devices requiring high performance, reliability and capacity with various attributes such as low cost per gigabyte, quiet acoustics, and low power consumption.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Premium consumers

End markets

Market

“Consumer. We have also built strong consumer brand recognition with tools to help individuals manage vast libraries of personal content and to push the limits of what is possible for storage. We serve the Consumer end market with a portfolio of HDD external storage products that we offer globally through our retail and channel partners.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: Consumer spending strengthens

Tariffs and trade policy

Macro

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Our sales are subject to certain risks, including exposure to tariffs and various trade regulations.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“In addition, armed conflicts and heightened geopolitical tensions can result in sanctions, export controls, tariffs and other trade restrictions, limit or restrict our ability to access certain markets and disrupt critical logistics networks, including air and ocean freight routes. For example, the escalation of the conflict involving Iran and heightened tensions in the Middle East could cause disruption to critical logistics and supply routes, which could affect the availability and cost of materials used in our business.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Changes in U.S. trade policy and the impact of tariffs and retaliatory actions may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by uncertainty and changes in U.S. trade policies, including tariffs, trade agreements or other trade restrictions imposed by the U.S. or other governments. Changes to U.S. trade policy, in particular with regard to tariffs, have caused substantial market uncertainty and, in certain cases, retaliatory measures by trading partners.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Any imposition of new tariffs or increase in existing tariff rates may increase the cost of importing our products or the costs for materials or components used in our products, which would increase our overall costs unless we are able to implement actions to offset these costs, such as leveraging tariff exemptions where possible, optimizing our supply chain, sourcing from alternative suppliers, or passing the costs to our customers through tariff surcharges or increased prices. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully offset or mitigate any resulting increase in our costs. If we are unable to pass on any cost increases or if supply and demand conditions will not support price increases for our products, our revenue and gross margin would be negatively impacted.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Tariffs or other trade restrictions may also lead to negative economic impacts for our customers, declining consumer confidence, significant inflation and diminished expectations for the economy, as well as ultimately reduced demand for our products. Such conditions could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and cash flows.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Trade restrictions (including tariffs, quotas and embargoes), demand from other high-volume industries for materials or components used in our products, disruptions in supplier relationships or shortages in other components and materials used in our customers’ products could result in increased costs to us, which could negatively impact our business.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: Geopolitical uncertainty strengthens
Chains out: this weakens Global trade volumes

Business cycle and GDP growth

Macro

DriverPositive impact: strengthens

“The increase in computing complexity and advancements in AI, along with growth in cloud computing applications, connected mobile devices and Internet-connected products and edge devices is driving rapid growth in the volume of digital content to be stored and used. While this growth has led to the creation of several form factors for data storage and an increasing use of a tiered architecture approach, HDDs occupy a unique place in the market by providing an economical means to create, store and utilize an increasing amount of data in the age of AI. We believe HDDs provide a sustainable total cost of ownership advantage to our cloud customers to meet their storage needs.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverMixed impact: mixed

“Cyclicality and Seasonality Although much less than in the past, our business is subject to variability of sales because it is largely dependent on the buying patterns of our large Cloud customers, driven by their needs for deploying our technology in their data center buildouts, as well as on their ability to procure other products that go into such buildouts. Our business is also impacted by cyclicality in the industry, as well as macroeconomic factors.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Tariffs or other trade restrictions may also lead to negative economic impacts for our customers, declining consumer confidence, significant inflation and diminished expectations for the economy, as well as ultimately reduced demand for our products. Such conditions could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and cash flows.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains out: this strengthens Global trade volumes, strengthens Construction

Climate change and extreme weather

Macro

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“We conduct our operations primarily at large, high-volume, purpose-built facilities in California and throughout Asia. The facilities of many of our customers, our suppliers and our customers’ suppliers are also concentrated in certain geographic locations throughout Asia and elsewhere. If a fire, flood, earthquake, tsunami or other natural disaster, condition or event such as a power outage, contamination event, terrorist attack, cybersecurity incident, physical security breach, political instability, civil unrest, localized labor unrest or other employment issues or a health epidemic or pandemic negatively affects any of these facilities, it would significantly affect our ability to manufacture or sell our products and source components and would harm our business.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Climate change has in the past and is expected to continue to increase the incidence and severity of certain natural disasters, including wildfires, floods and other adverse weather events. In addition, the geographic concentration of our manufacturing sites could exacerbate the negative impacts resulting from any of these problems.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Our suppliers have in the past been, and may in the future be, unable or unwilling to meet our requirements, including as a result of events outside of their control such as trade restrictions (including tariffs, quotas and embargoes), geopolitical conflicts, terrorism, public health crises or natural disasters. If we are unable to purchase sufficient quantities from our current suppliers or qualify and engage additional suppliers, or if we cannot purchase materials at a reasonable price, we may not be able to meet the demand for our products.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains out: this weakens Agriculture and food production

Geopolitical uncertainty

Macro

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“In addition, armed conflicts and heightened geopolitical tensions can result in sanctions, export controls, tariffs and other trade restrictions, limit or restrict our ability to access certain markets and disrupt critical logistics networks, including air and ocean freight routes. For example, the escalation of the conflict involving Iran and heightened tensions in the Middle East could cause disruption to critical logistics and supply routes, which could affect the availability and cost of materials used in our business.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“We conduct our operations primarily at large, high-volume, purpose-built facilities in California and throughout Asia. The facilities of many of our customers, our suppliers and our customers’ suppliers are also concentrated in certain geographic locations throughout Asia and elsewhere. If a fire, flood, earthquake, tsunami or other natural disaster, condition or event such as a power outage, contamination event, terrorist attack, cybersecurity incident, physical security breach, political instability, civil unrest, localized labor unrest or other employment issues or a health epidemic or pandemic negatively affects any of these facilities, it would significantly affect our ability to manufacture or sell our products and source components and would harm our business.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Our suppliers have in the past been, and may in the future be, unable or unwilling to meet our requirements, including as a result of events outside of their control such as trade restrictions (including tariffs, quotas and embargoes), geopolitical conflicts, terrorism, public health crises or natural disasters. If we are unable to purchase sufficient quantities from our current suppliers or qualify and engage additional suppliers, or if we cannot purchase materials at a reasonable price, we may not be able to meet the demand for our products.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains out: this strengthens Defence budgets, strengthens Energy security, strengthens Tariffs and trade policy, weakens Global trade volumes, strengthens Sea freight and freight rates, weakens Reconstruction of Ukraine

Pandemics and outbreaks

Macro

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“We conduct our operations primarily at large, high-volume, purpose-built facilities in California and throughout Asia. The facilities of many of our customers, our suppliers and our customers’ suppliers are also concentrated in certain geographic locations throughout Asia and elsewhere. If a fire, flood, earthquake, tsunami or other natural disaster, condition or event such as a power outage, contamination event, terrorist attack, cybersecurity incident, physical security breach, political instability, civil unrest, localized labor unrest or other employment issues or a health epidemic or pandemic negatively affects any of these facilities, it would significantly affect our ability to manufacture or sell our products and source components and would harm our business.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Our suppliers have in the past been, and may in the future be, unable or unwilling to meet our requirements, including as a result of events outside of their control such as trade restrictions (including tariffs, quotas and embargoes), geopolitical conflicts, terrorism, public health crises or natural disasters. If we are unable to purchase sufficient quantities from our current suppliers or qualify and engage additional suppliers, or if we cannot purchase materials at a reasonable price, we may not be able to meet the demand for our products.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains out: this weakens Aviation and travel, strengthens Vaccines (travel health and preparedness)

Rare earths and critical raw materials

Raw materials and inputs

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Additionally, China has imposed export restrictions on rare earth minerals and related materials critical to semiconductor and hard drive manufacturing. These developments have increased, and could further increase, costs for, or limit the availability of, energy, rare earth minerals, materials, components and transportation, constrain manufacturing capacity and may require us to redesign products or reconfigure aspects of our global supply chain.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: Wind power strengthens

Cybersecurity (products and services)

Technology

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Geopolitical instability may also elevate cybersecurity risks, including state-sponsored attacks, which could disrupt our operations or those of our suppliers, customers or partners, and further adversely affect demand for our products.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“The unauthorized or unapproved use of generative AI tools by our employees, contractors, or other third parties, as well as overreliance on AI automation or agentic AI without appropriate human oversight, may lead to the inadvertent disclosure of confidential, proprietary, or personal information, flawed or unauthorized actions, or other adverse consequences, including disruptions to business operations, exposing us to data security, privacy, legal, regulatory, and reputational risks.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“We are subject to laws, rules and regulations relating to the collection, use, security and privacy of data, including data that relates to or identifies an individual person. We are also subject to the terms of our privacy policies and obligations to third parties related to privacy, data protection and security.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: Cyber attacks and IT security risk strengthens
Chains out: this strengthens Digitalisation

USD vs DKK/EUR

Macro

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“If the U.S. dollar exhibits sustained weakness against most foreign currencies, the U.S. dollar equivalents of unhedged manufacturing costs could increase because a portion of our production costs are foreign-currency denominated. Conversely, there would not be an offsetting impact to revenues since revenues are substantially U.S. dollar denominated.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Prices for our products are substantially U.S. dollar denominated, even when sold to customers that are located outside the U.S. Therefore, as a substantial portion of our sales are from countries outside the U.S., fluctuations in currency exchange rates, such as the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against other foreign currencies, could increase the cost of our products in those countries and negatively impact demand and revenue growth.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Additionally, we negotiate and procure some of our component requirements in U.S. dollars from non-U.S. based vendors. If the U.S. dollar weakens against other foreign currencies, some of our component suppliers may increase the price they charge for their components in order to maintain an equivalent profit margin.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains out: this mixed effect United States

AI regulation

Regulation

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Responsible Business: We build trust through principled leadership, embedding accountability, integrity, and sustainability into decision-making processes. •We establish policies and practices to support the responsible, ethical, and secure development, deployment, and usage of AI. As AI becomes a greater part of our daily experience and product offerings, we implemented an AI policy to effectively manage and mitigate AI-related risks.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Governments worldwide are adopting or proposing AI-specific regulations, including the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act, as well as various proposed frameworks in the U.S., China, and other jurisdictions. These regulations may impose requirements on the development, deployment, and use of AI systems in our products or operations, require jurisdiction-specific product configurations, increase compliance costs, or limit our ability to leverage AI technologies. The evolving and potentially divergent nature of these regulations creates uncertainty and could adversely affect our business.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Contract manufacturers as a business (EMS, CMO, CRO)

End markets

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Some of our OEM customers have adopted a subcontractor model that requires us to contract directly with companies, such as ODMs, that provide manufacturing and fulfillment services to our OEM customers. Because these subcontractors are generally not as well capitalized as our direct OEM customers, this subcontractor model exposes us to increased credit risks.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

InputNegative impact: weakens

“The Company also relies on third-party subcontractors to assemble and test a portion of its products. The Company does not have long-term contracts with some of these subcontractors and cannot directly control product delivery schedules or manufacturing processes.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: Biotech and drug development strengthens

Interest rates

Macro

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“We utilize debt financing in our capital structure. Our past debt levels have at times been substantial, and we may in the future incur additional debt, including under our revolving credit facility maturing in January 2027 (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), subject to customary conditions in our loan agreements. Substantial levels of debt could have significant consequences, including limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes; requiring a substantial portion of our cash flows to be dedicated to debt service payments instead of other purposes; and imposing financial and other restrictive covenants on our operations.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“As our bank debt contains a variable interest rate component based on our corporate credit ratings, a decline in our ratings has in the past resulted in, and could in the future result in, increased interest rates and debt service obligations. In addition, our ratings impact the cost and availability of future borrowings and, accordingly, our cost of capital.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: Public debt and fiscal policy strengthens, Inflation strengthens
Chains out: this weakens Construction, weakens Real estate, weakens Wind power, weakens Housing market, weakens Office and commercial property, weakens Residential rental, weakens Residential construction

Currency exposure

Macro

DriverNegative impact: weakens

“Because we manufacture and sell our products abroad, our revenue, cost of revenue, margins, operating costs and cash flows are impacted by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Asia and emerging markets

Geography

Geography

“Our vertically integrated, in-house assembly and test operations are concentrated in Prachinburi and Bang Pa-In, Thailand; Penang, Johor Bahru, and Kuching, Malaysia; Laguna, Philippines; Shenzhen, China; and San Jose and Fremont, California, USA.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Geography

“Additionally, as we attempt to expand our OEM and distribution channel sales into emerging economies, the customers with the most success in these regions may have relatively short operating histories, making it more difficult for us to accurately assess the associated credit risks. Our customers’ credit risk may also be exacerbated by an economic downturn or other adverse global or regional economic conditions.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Geography

“Our principal manufacturing, R&D, marketing and administrative facilities as of July 3, 2026 were as follows: Location Buildings Owned or Leased Approximate Square Footage Description United States California Fremont Leased 295,000 Manufacturing and R&D Irvine Leased 258,000 R&D, administrative, marketing and sales San Jose Owned 1,957,000 Manufacturing, R&D, administrative, marketing and sales Colorado Colorado Springs Leased 54,000 R&D Minnesota Rochester Leased 111,000 R&D Asia China Shenzhen Owned and Leased 614,000 Manufacturing India Bangalore Leased 209,000 R&D and administrative Japan Fujisawa Owned 638,000 R&D Malaysia Johor Bahru Owned 277,000 Manufacturing Kuala Lumpur Owned 145,000 R&D and administrative Kuching Owned 638,000 Manufacturing and R&D Penang Owned 1,192,000 Manufacturing Philippines Laguna Owned 632,000 Manufacturing and administrative Singapore Leased 6,000 Administrative, marketing and sales Thailand Bang Pa-In Owned and Leased 1,595,000 Manufacturing and R&D Prachinburi Owned 1,568,000 Manufacturing We also lease office space in various other locations worldwide primarily for R&D, marketing and sales, and administration.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

United States

Geography

Geography

“Our vertically integrated, in-house assembly and test operations are concentrated in Prachinburi and Bang Pa-In, Thailand; Penang, Johor Bahru, and Kuching, Malaysia; Laguna, Philippines; Shenzhen, China; and San Jose and Fremont, California, USA.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Geography

“Our principal manufacturing, R&D, marketing and administrative facilities as of July 3, 2026 were as follows: Location Buildings Owned or Leased Approximate Square Footage Description United States California Fremont Leased 295,000 Manufacturing and R&D Irvine Leased 258,000 R&D, administrative, marketing and sales San Jose Owned 1,957,000 Manufacturing, R&D, administrative, marketing and sales Colorado Colorado Springs Leased 54,000 R&D Minnesota Rochester Leased 111,000 R&D Asia China Shenzhen Owned and Leased 614,000 Manufacturing India Bangalore Leased 209,000 R&D and administrative Japan Fujisawa Owned 638,000 R&D Malaysia Johor Bahru Owned 277,000 Manufacturing Kuala Lumpur Owned 145,000 R&D and administrative Kuching Owned 638,000 Manufacturing and R&D Penang Owned 1,192,000 Manufacturing Philippines Laguna Owned 632,000 Manufacturing and administrative Singapore Leased 6,000 Administrative, marketing and sales Thailand Bang Pa-In Owned and Leased 1,595,000 Manufacturing and R&D Prachinburi Owned 1,568,000 Manufacturing We also lease office space in various other locations worldwide primarily for R&D, marketing and sales, and administration.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Chains in: USD vs DKK/EUR mixed effect

Labour regulation

Regulation

InputNegative impact: weakens

“Changes in immigration laws and regulations, or more robust enforcement of new or existing laws, may impair our ability to recruit and hire technical and professional talent.”

Annual report 2026A · The company itself

Competitors mentioned in the report

No named competitors in the report.

Financial figures

Revenue
latest fiscal year
12.92 bn USD
Revenue growth
vs. the year before, same method
35.7 %
EBITDA
reported by the company
4.83 bn USD
Net debt
debt incl. leasing minus cash
Net cash 0.39 bn USD
Diluted EPS
per share
24.28 USD

Source: 10-K (SEC) A. See the report

Criteria

Profit✓
Growing✓
Healthy balance sheet✓

Only the criteria that can be computed from financial statements on this page. The remaining criteria (such as price and dividend) need a share price and are in the analysis.

Figures are in the report's currency (USD), not converted to DKK. Quotes are shown as the company's own words in English.

This page describes what the company itself writes. It isn't an assessment and isn't a recommendation. Run an analysis to see how the company connects to your view.